小發夾RNA（英語：short hairpin RNA，縮寫shRNA）是一種形成急轉彎（hairpin turn）結構的RNA序列，可以經由RNA干擾（RNAi）使基因表現沉默化。shRNA可利用載體導入細胞當中，并借由U6啟動子來確保shRNA的表現。另外，shRNA可經由切割轉變成為siRNA
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